Năm 2019, ngành điều Việt Nam vẫn nằm trong TOP đầu các nước xuất khẩu. Đây được cho là những tín hiệu đáng mừng từ thị trường để ngành điều Việt Nam tiếp tục đặt mục tiêu cao hơn trong năm tới.
Ngành điều xuất khẩu Việt Nam đặt mục tiêu đạt 4 tỷ USD năm 2020
Theo thông tin từ Cục Xuất nhập khẩu trong 6 tháng đầu năm 2020, giá điều thô và hạt điều chế biến sẽ biến động trong biên độ hẹp do diễn biến phức tạp của kinh tế toàn cầu, căng thẳng thương mại.
Nhưng với những tín hiệu khả quan trên thị trường toàn cầu từ quí III/2019 và khả năng chủ động nguồn nguyên liệu, ngành điều Việt Nam vẫn có thể đạt được mục tiêu xuất khẩu 4 tỉ USD trong năm nay.
Dựa trên tốc độ xuất nhập khẩu và kết quả năm trước, dự đoán trong năm 2020 nhiều khả năng ngành điều sẽ nhập khẩu khoảng 2 triệu tấn hạt điều thô và xuất khẩu khoảng trên 500.000 tấn hạt điều đã chế biến.
Trong báo cáo của Hiệp hội điều Việt Nam tại hội nghị tổng kết hoạt động ngành điều năm 2019 và triển khai phương hướng hoạt động năm 2020. Tính đến hết tháng 11/2019, cả nước xuất khẩu được 418.110 tấn nhân điều các loại với kim ngạch xuất khẩu gần 3 tỉ USD.
Còn theo số liệu của Bộ NN&PTNT, xuất khẩu điều mang lại 3,3 tỉ USD trong cùng giai đoạn.
Ngành điều Việt Nam sẽ tiếp tục hợp tác với Hiệp hội điều các quốc gia có lượng hạt điều lớn như Ấn Độ, Bờ Biển Ngà, Nigeria … về sản xuất, kinh doanh hạt điều chế biến và hạt điều thô.
Song vẫn còn nhiều rào cản từ thị trường xuất khẩu
Ngày càng có những chính sách mới nhằm siết chặt hơn như việc áp giá sàn hạt điều thô khi giao dịch, hay Chính phủ đứng ra trực tiếp dự trữ và giao dịch.
Ấn Độ là thị trường tiêu thụ hạt điều nhiều nhất thế giới với dân số khoảng 1,3 tỉ người. Nhưng nước này đang áp dụng chính sách thuế để hạn chế lượng hạt điều nhân nhập khẩu, chủ yếu từ Việt Nam.
Hiệp hội, nhà máy chế biến điều Ấn Độ vận động Chính phủ có biện pháp kiểm soát việc nhập khẩu hạt điều nhân khi giá điều nhân tại thị trường nội địa Ấn Độ cao hơn giá tại các thị trường châu Âu, Mỹ.
Ấn Độ tăng giá nhập khẩu tối thiểu (MIP) lên 1,8 – 2,4 lần. Mỹ và châu Âu sẽ áp dụng thêm một số tiêu chuẩn an toàn thực phẩm và sẽ kiểm tra thêm dư lượng hóa chất cấm. Nguyên nhân là do các siêu thị ngày càng khắt khe hơn về an toàn thực phẩm.
Trong khi đó, EU và một số nước châu Âu sẽ siết chặt thêm quy định về xuất xứ hàng hóa. Ngoài ra, ngành điều thế giới vẫn chưa có số liệu khảo sát, đánh giá mức tăng trưởng nhu cầu tiêu dùng, chưa hoạch định được đầu ra sản phẩm trong năm 2020 và những năm tiếp theo.
Diễn biến thị trường cũng không theo quy luật hằng năm, thường cuối năm giao dịch tăng mạnh, trong khi năm 2019 khách hàng châu Âu giao dịch thận trọng, thị trường Trung Quốc cũng không sôi động.
Chính vì vậy, Cục Xuất nhập khẩu cho rằng doanh nghiệp ngành điều cần phải nhạy bén, điều chỉnh để có kế hoạch năm 2020 phù hợp và sát thực tế.
Bải viết liên quan:
Brazil mong muốn tăng xuất khẩu vào Việt Nam
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